Take-off Configuration Warning (TOCW): Trigger Logic and Crew Checks
Overview
The Take-off Configuration Warning (TOCW) system is a critical safety mechanism designed to prevent an aircraft from attempting a takeoff in an unsafe configuration.
Regulations (CS 25.703)
Regulations mandate that large transport aircraft must be equipped with a system that provides an aural warning automatically during the initial portion of the takeoff roll.
- Timing: The alert must trigger when throttles are advanced (applied takeoff power) while on the ground.
- Indication: The minimum requirement is an Aural alert (e.g., Siren, Horn, or Voice "CONFIG FLAPS"). Many aircraft also provide visual alerts (Red Master Warning + Message).
Trigger Conditions
The system activates if any of the following parameters are not in the approved takeoff position:
- Flaps / Slats: Not within the approved takeoff range (or not set).
- Longitudinal Trim (Stabilizer): Not in the green band (Takeoff Range).
- Spoilers / Speed Brakes: Deployed or not in the safe takeoff position.
- Parking Brake: Set or not released.
- Flight Controls: Control locks engaged (if applicable).
- Doors: Essential external doors not closed and locked (on some types).
Operational Use
- Test Function: Modern aircraft (like the Airbus A320) include a
T.O CONFIGpushbutton. Pressing this simulates the application of takeoff power to check if the current configuration is valid. If it is, a specific message (e.g., "TO CONFIG NORMAL") is displayed. - Inhibition: The warning is typically inhibited after a certain speed ($V_1$ or $V_R$) to effectively prioritize alerts and avoid distraction during the critical rotation phase.