Aviation Decision Making
Decision Making Models
Structured methods to solve problems under pressure.
FOR-DEC
- F (Facts): What is happening?
- O (Options): What can we do? (Hold, Divert, Continue).
- R (Risks/Benefits): Evaluate each option.
- D (Decide): Choose the best option.
- E (Execute): Do it.
- C (Check): Is it working? (Review loop).
DODAR
Diagnosis, Options, Decision, Assign tasks, Review.
Cognitive Biases
Mental shortcuts (Heuristics) that can lead to errors.
- Confirmation Bias: Seeking information that confirms our hypothesis and ignoring evidence that contradicts it.
- Example: Ignoring a "Gear Unsafe" light because you "know" you put the gear down.
- Sunk Cost Fallacy (Get-there-itis): Continuing a course of action because of resources already invested (time, fuel), even when it's unsafe.
- Groupthink: Desire for harmony overrides realistic appraisal of alternatives.
- Expectation Bias: Seeing what you expect to see.