Alerting Systems, Proximity Systems

Topics in this section

• 022-12-01
  Alerting Systems General Principles: Warning, Caution, and Advisory Logic

  Study alerting-system fundamentals under CS-25, including warning hierarchy, color coding, and cockpit master-warning/master-caution design principles.

• 022-12-02
  Flight Warning Systems (FWS): Alert Priorities, CWS, and Crew Response

  Learn FWS architecture, alert priority levels, visual/aural channels, and disciplined crew handling to manage warnings and cautions safely.

• 022-12-03
  Stall Warning Systems (SWS): Detection Margins, Inputs, and Alerts

  Study SWS operation from CS-25 warning margins to AoA-driven logic, tactile/aural/visual cues, and typical sensor-failure implications.

• 022-12-04
  Stall Protection Systems (SPS): Stick Pusher and Active Prevention

  Understand active stall-protection strategies including stick pusher logic, activation sequence after warning, and diagnostic distinction between warning and protection.

• 022-12-05
  Overspeed Warning System: VMO/MMO Limits, Barber Pole, and Aural Alerts

  Learn overspeed warning logic, PFD barber-pole interpretation, VMO/MMO and configuration limits, plus immediate crew alerting behavior.

• 022-12-06
  Take-off Configuration Warning (TOCW): Trigger Logic and Crew Checks

  Study TOCW trigger conditions and certification logic for flap/slat, trim, spoiler, brake, and door checks before takeoff roll.

• 022-12-07
  Altitude Alert System: Acquisition/Deviation Alerts and Legal Requirements

  Understand altitude-alerting logic for capture and deviation events, regulatory applicability thresholds, and ADC/MCP signal integration.

• 022-12-08
  Radio Altimeter (RA): FMCW Principle, Integration, and Failure Impacts

  Study radio-altimeter operation, FMCW ranging, calibration to touchdown geometry, and integration with autoland, GPWS/TAWS, and TCAS inhibitions.

• 022-12-09
  Ground-Proximity Warning Systems (GPWS/EGPWS): Modes, Terrain Logic, and Escape

  Learn GPWS mode logic, EGPWS forward-looking terrain functions, warning priorities, and immediate pilot escape actions for pull-up alerts.

• 022-12-10
  ACAS/TCAS: Traffic Advisories, Resolution Advisories, and Inhibitions

  Understand ACAS/TCAS surveillance logic, TA/RA symbology, coordinated vertical maneuvers, low-altitude inhibitions, and pilot response sequence.